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Clinic appointment

PSA Prostate Check

Both forms of prostate specific antigen, total and free, plus the calculated ratio between them.

  • Doctor-reviewed results
  • Laboratory analysis
  • 1 to 2 working days from lab receipt
  • No fasting required
PSA Prostate Check, clinic sample tubes

What’s included

3 markers measured

  • PSA (total)

    Prostate specific antigen (PSA), a blood test used to look for prostate problems, including prostate cancer and prostate enlargement. A raised level does not necessarily mean cancer: an enlarged prostate, a urine infection, and recent ejaculation, exercise or cycling can all affect the result.

  • Free PSA

    The unbound proportion of PSA. Combined with total PSA it helps a doctor judge whether a raised result needs looking into further.

  • Free-to-total PSA ratio

    The proportion of your PSA that is unbound, calculated from the free and total results. It gives a doctor context that a single total PSA figure does not.

Overview

Both forms of prostate specific antigen, total and free, plus the ratio between them, which gives a doctor more context than a total PSA figure alone. Men usually consider it from around 50, or from 45 if prostate cancer has appeared in the family or if they are of Black African or Caribbean heritage, where risk is higher. If you have urinary symptoms, see your GP as well, not instead: they far more often reflect a benign enlarged prostate, and your GP can examine you.

The ratio of free to total PSA gives a doctor extra context that a single total PSA figure does not, when assessing prostate health alongside age and symptoms.

Who this is for and who it isn’t

Who it’s for

  • Men aged 45 and over
  • Men over 50, or over 45 with a family history, wanting a first prostate marker
  • Men following a previous PSA over time

Who it isn’t for

  • PSA is not a yes-or-no answer. It rises for harmless reasons, including an enlarged prostate, a urine infection, recent cycling and recent ejaculation, and some prostate cancers that matter do not raise it at all. The UK does not screen men in general with PSA because it is an imperfect test on its own; a targeted programme is planned in England only for men aged 45 to 61 who have a BRCA2 gene change and a family history of cancer.
  • If you have trouble passing urine, see your GP as well, not instead: they can examine you and can also arrange a PSA test on the NHS. If you have blood in your urine, pain, or symptoms that came on suddenly, contact your GP now. This test is for men aged 45 and over, the youngest age at which Prostate Cancer UK advises considering a PSA test.
  • Anyone with a new, severe or worsening symptom: contact your GP or call NHS 111. A test you buy today is not a substitute for being examined.

Common reasons people choose this test

  • A family history of prostate cancer
  • Black African or Caribbean heritage, where risk is higher
  • Being over 50, or over 45 with higher background risk
  • Following a previous PSA result over time

These are reasons people choose to test, not signs that something is wrong. A result is one part of a picture your doctor puts together with your history and an examination.

What your result looks like

Every result is shown with the unit and the reference range exactly as the laboratory reported it, with the doctor’s note underneath.

Example reportIllustrative, not a real result
  • PSA (total)▲ High
    Result
    4.6 µg/L
    Range
    age-specific (<3.0 at 50–59)
  • Free PSAIn range
    Result
    0.35 µg/L
    Range
    read with total PSA
  • Free-to-total PSA ratioIn range
    Result
    31 %
    Range
    >25

Doctor’s note (example)

PSA is above the threshold for your age. It is not a cancer test: infection, cycling, sex and an enlarged prostate all raise it. It is repeated after six weeks, and if still raised your GP arranges an MRI.

Values above are examples. Your report shows your own results with the laboratory’s units and reference range for your age and sex, reviewed, signed and released by a GMC-registered doctor.

How it works

  1. You book your appointmentA trained clinician takes your sample at one of our London clinics. Nothing to do at home.
  2. The clinician takes your sampleA single clinic blood draw by a trained clinician
  3. The laboratory analyses itYour sample is processed for the measurements included in this test. Lab processing typically takes 1 to 2 working days from receipt of your sample.
  4. A doctor reviews and releases itA GMC-registered doctor reads every result and signs the report before it reaches you.
Sample
Clinic blood draw
Preparation
No fasting required
Who it's for
Men · ages 45+

How to prepare

What we can and can’t tell you

The reference range beside each result is the laboratory’s own. A result in range is not a clean bill of health and a result outside it is not a diagnosis. Most ranges cover about 95% of healthy people, so about 1 in 20 healthy people fall just outside any one range. No test result replaces an examination or your own doctor’s judgement, and none of these panels is a cancer screening programme.

Read the full note

The reference range printed beside each of your results is the laboratory's own, and it is the range that applies to your result. We do not apply a second range of our own, and we do not tell you that a result the laboratory reported as normal is nonetheless too low or too high. If you see a claim elsewhere that your result ought to sit inside a narrower band than the one the laboratory printed, treat it with caution and ask your doctor.

Some assays cannot give an exact figure above or below a certain point, and those results are reported the way the laboratory sends them, for example as a value greater than a stated number. A result in range is not a clean bill of health, and a result outside a range is not a diagnosis: most reference ranges are set to cover about 95% of healthy people, so some healthy people fall just outside them. No blood test replaces an examination, a scan or your own doctor's judgement, and none of these panels is a screening programme for cancer.

If you have a symptom that is new, severe, or getting worse, contact your GP or NHS 111 rather than waiting for a test result. In an emergency call 999.

Frequently asked questions

What should I avoid before the test?

UK practice is to avoid ejaculation and vigorous exercise, especially cycling, for 48 hours beforehand, and to delay testing for six weeks after a urine infection or a prostate biopsy. All of these can raise the result for reasons unrelated to cancer.

What does the free-to-total ratio add?

When the total PSA is in the grey zone, the proportion that is free gives a doctor extra context about how likely a raised figure is to have a benign explanation. It is one input among several, not a separate answer.

What happens if it comes back high?

The reviewing doctor explains what the figure means for your age and the report says clearly that it is outside the range. The usual next step is your GP, who can examine you and decide whether anything further is needed.

Does biotin affect the result?

It can. High-dose biotin (vitamin B7), often sold for hair, skin and nails, can make some hormone results read too high or too low. Laboratory advice is usually to leave at least 8 hours after a dose of 5 mg or more, and some advise longer, so the simplest approach is to skip it on the day of your sample. Tell us if you take it, and do not stop a medicine that a doctor has prescribed.

How long do results take?

The laboratory typically takes 1 to 2 working days from receiving your sample. This does not include kit delivery, sample collection or return postage. A doctor reviews your results before they are released.

Can I choose a home kit or a clinic?

This test is a clinic blood draw, as it needs a venous sample for accuracy. We arrange a convenient appointment for you.

Is a doctor involved?

Yes. Every result is reviewed by a GMC-registered doctor who signs it off and explains what it means and what to do next.

Is it confidential?

Your results are available through your secure patient portal. Our privacy policy explains how your information is handled and when it may be shared to provide your care.

What happens to my sample and results?

Your sample is analysed at a UKAS-accredited laboratory (ISO 15189). A GMC-registered doctor then reads every result and signs the report before it is released, so nothing reaches you unreviewed. There is no option to receive results without a doctor reading them first. The report arrives in your secure portal in plain English: each result with its unit and the laboratory's own reference range, and the doctor's note on what the set means read together. If a result sits outside its range the report says so and explains what usually happens next, which is most often a conversation with your own GP, who can act on it alongside your history and examination. Most reference ranges are set to cover about 95% of healthy people, so about 1 in 20 healthy people fall just outside any one of them. On a report with many results it is common for one to sit just outside its range, and a single number on its own rarely tells the whole story. If a result needs urgent attention, the reviewing doctor is alerted straight away and we contact you by phone the same working day rather than leaving it in the portal for you to find. If a specific result needs rechecking, the reviewing doctor says so in your report.

Doctor-reviewed results
In plain English, signed by a GMC-registered doctor
Laboratory testing
Read each test’s coverage and limitations
No GP referral
Order directly, no waiting list
Private & discreet
Secure results, your own private portal

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